Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that most often affect the lungs.

Diseases

Fojla Rahman Zia

November 2nd 2017, 8:00 AM
November 2nd 2017, 8:00 AM

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source:WHO Official Website

Tuberculosis is curable and preventable.TB is spread from person to person through the air. When people with lung TB cough, sneeze or spit, they propel the TB germs into the air. A person needs to inhale only a few of these germs to become infected.

In 2015, 10.4 million people fell ill with TB and 1.8 million died from the disease (including 0.4 million among people with HIV). Over 95% of TB deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries.Who is at risk ?People with compromised immune systems are most at risk of developing active tuberculosis.HIV suppresses the immune system, making it harder for the body to control TB bacteria.Tobacco use has also been found to increase the risk of developing active TB

If Treatment is done properly Tb is almost curable

Symptoms of tuberculosis:

While latent TB is symptomless, the symptoms of active TB include the following:Coughing, sometimes with mucus or blood,Chills,Fatigue,Fever,Loss of weight,Loss of appetite,Night sweats

When TB occurs outside of the lungs, the symptoms vary accordingly. Without treatment, TB can spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream:TB infecting the bones can lead to spinal pain and joint destruction.TB infecting the brain can cause meningitis.TB infecting the liver and kidneys can impair their waste filtration functions and lead to blood in the urine.TB infecting the heart can impair the heart's ability to pump blood.

Treatments for tuberculosis:

The majority of TB cases can be cured when the right medication is available and administered correctly.Antibiotics are:isoniazid (INH),rifampicin (RIF),ethambutol (EMB),pyrazinamide (PZA)...Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis:Multi-drug - resistant tuberculosis (MDR - TB ) is a form of tuberculosis (TB) infection caused by bacteria that are...resistant to treatment with at least two of the most powerful first-line anti- TB medications (drugs), isoniazid and rifampin.